When it comes to pruning palm trees, less is usually better. The crown will not grow back and the tree will die. This will lighten the total weight and reduce overall stress on the plant. Avoid shearing flowering shrubs with hedge shears. Your cardboard palm doesn't need pruning for shape; it will naturally assume a pleasing, rounded mound. Queen palm with fruit. If the petiole does not come off easily, leave it. She has written articles for the Oregon Landscape Contractors Association, chapters of the certification manual for the Oregon Association of Nurseries and translated master gardener materials into Spanish. Potassium deficient palms typically have yellow spotting on the oldest leaves. If you're not able to do the job yourself, remember that you can always hire a certified arborist. Permanent leaf damage occurs at 28 degrees F. Cardboard plants make excellent beach plants, as they tolerate salt and can grow in almost pure sand if necessary. Look for dead or dying fronds on the tree. When we grow and care for Cardboard palm, it should be conserved in half shade to avoid strong light exposure, otherwise it will make the leaf color yellow and lose luster. Look for palm flowers and fruit stalks which use up energy and slow the growth of the tree. Zamia furfuracea has a short think fleshy trunk covered with old leaf bases. Zamia furfuracea is not real palm but rather a cycad, like Sago Palm. If this tool is then used to prune living leaves on a healthy palm, the fungus will be transferred in the process. Normally cleaning all dead leaves off once a year is sufficient, but maintenance can be performed more often if necessary. your fingers, fork, or gardening tool and pruning any damaged roots. If you have palm trees, you may be wondering about the proper way to prune them. . If you want to grow it indoors, make sure it gets as much light as possible during its growing periods that happened once or twice a year, usually from March to June. If the cycad has become too large, cut off the top and dust the cut portion with benomyl to prevent rot. The fronds are not forming like they should. Thank you. Were committed to providing the world with free how-to resources, and even $1 helps us in our mission. Half-dead old leaves that remain on the palm for months at a time are usually deficient in potassium (K) (https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep269) (Figure 5) and should be fertilized (https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ep261) to prevent this problem. Male plants and female plants each Remove those dead fronds to free the trees from extra weight. Avoid areas with too much shade where the light is too dim to support the zamia plant's needs. "It helped me understand how to care for my Cornish palm and remove the flower stalks that had began to grow. When I bought the tree, there were very sparse instructions on care and feeding. Maintenance is minimal when growing cardboard palms. 18:822830. They feel like cardboard to the touch, hence the name Cardboard Palm. [1] Once the fronds die, you can cut them out. Estimates of leaf production rates for select species of palms in South Florida. . Thank you for the answer, Shelley! I'd no. Otherwise, the cardboard palm will start to grow lopsided. Last Updated: January 7, 2021 Disinfect pruning tools and wash your hands thoroughly to prevent spreading disease or insects. They are beautiful. Sign up for our newsletter. Pruning, or more importantly, excessive pruning, can affect palms in a number of ways. When these trees get old, you should trim them often and remove the dead leaves. Indoors, place your plant by your brightest window, and be sure to rotate the pot regularly so all parts of the plant get an even amount of light. Leaving dead fronds on in winter may protect the truck against winter damage. Our cardboard palms appear to be a little pale (light green} Step 1: Inspect The Tree. The cone that you see in the center is the seedpod of the plant. It produces interesting shaped cones, egg-shaped on the female plant and long oval-shaped on the male. Trim the dead king sago leaves as close as you can to the base. This concept has merit except that one critical factor is missing in most Florida palms. Method 1 Pruning Ferns Outdoors 1 Check the pruning information for your specific plant. Origin: Eastern Mexico Height: Grows slowly, but can reach up to 6 ft (1.8 m) indoors Light: Bright light to full sun. Cardboard palm grows in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 9b through 11. Eliminate branches that interfere with street lights, traffic signals and overhead wires. You will only have to water this tree periodically, as it is extremely drought tolerant. A chainsaw can be used to cut very large, very thick fronds, but extra precautions should be taken to ensure you don't hurt yourself or the trunk of the tree. The leaves grow out of a thick, fleshy trunk that serves as a reservoir in times of drought. 5 The fragile growing point of a palm (known as heart of palm) is located at the top of the trunk, where the leaves emerge making . The plant is prone to some pests, such as spider mites, but its biggest problem is rot. When I divide any plant, I use either a sharp knife or saw. If your tree is potassium deficient, supply the tree with additional potassium and wait at least a year to trim. You never want to overprune your palms by subjecting them to what's called "hurricane pruning" or "hurricane cutting," where all but a few fronds are cut off. Water: Water thoroughly then allow top 2 in (5 cm) to dry out before watering again. Leaving dead leaves attached and cut leaves on the ground encourages disease and insect infestations. If left alone, the seeds may germinate and create a weed problem. Cycads have ancient origins. This plant thrives when given full sunlight, though it can survive in partial shade. The youngest leaf is completely symptom free. . Video: How to Prune a Cabbage Palm--Lee County Extension on YouTube, Florida Master Gardener Volunteer Program, UF/IFAS Extension: Solutions for Your Life, Institute of Food & Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), College of Agricultural and Life Sciences (CALS). Rinse tools with clean water and allow them to air dry before using. The Cardboard Palm has pinnate, feathery-like, leaves which grow from the center of the trunk reaching 3-4ft long. Continue with Recommended Cookies. It is a low-growing plant that may spread 3 to 4 feet (1 m.) and an underground trunk. In late autumn, winter and early spring, when the temperature is low (below 10), the basin soil should be kept dry to facilitate its overwintering. When planting, trim away any damaged roots. The cone is probably just finished and is naturally wilting, so you could leave it until it comes off naturally. So it is best kept away from kids and pets. Pests and Diseases Lori Norris has been writing professionally since 1998, specializing in horticulture. Each clone should have one to two leaves growing from the center. They're yellow or brown on the outside and may be harboring pests underneath. A hand saw or pruning saw will make it easier to remove thicker, larger fronds from the tree. Pull on the offset until it dislodges, and then pot it up in potting soil. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. Permanent trunk wounds caused by climbing spikes. After 5 times of decompose liquid fertilizer is chased once every 1 month, or 1000 times of "Hua Duo Duo" general fertilizer is applied once a month. To view the purposes they believe they have legitimate interest for, or to object to this data processing use the vendor list link below. The cardboard palm requires bright light to grow properly. Just use a pole saw to remove any brown fronds. If you have palms that aren't self-cleaning, you may choose to prune them periodically. Carry out this pruning during the summer or spring because the palm will have difficulties healing if you cut them during winter. Knowing how to grow Zamia palms starts with knowing your USDA planting zone. Florida Master Gardener Volunteer Program, UF/IFAS Extension: Solutions for Your Life, Institute of Food & Agricultural Sciences (IFAS), College of Agricultural and Life Sciences (CALS). You can harvest the entire flower with a knife or just pull out the walnut sized seeds. Take the loose petiole (blade) between your fingers and pull gently. Prune cones. 1987. Look for potassium deficiency in your palm tree. Keep the sand moderately moist and transplant when the root base is robust. Trim dead fronds or the oldest fronds only. Removal of completely dead leaves and flower and fruit stalks from palms is never a problem (Figure 15). They are beautiful. Potassium, like nitrogen and magnesium, is a mobile element within the palm. Thanks for the education! Oleagineux 1:5758. Florida Palm Trees is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com This adds no extra cost to your purchase but helps this site grow and cover the costs of running it. New growth will emerge from this bud, so you want it to grow outward, not inward. I have an indoor cardboard palm that hasn't gotten a leaf in two years. Seed cone on the left | right one seed cone with seeds exposed. ANSI (American National Standards Institute). Thank you, Joyce Dickinson. By pulling hard enough to eventually free these leaves, a small strip of trunk tissue will also tear off, again resulting in a wound that is readily colonized by Thielaviopsis paradoxa, the causal agent of Thielaviopsis trunk rot. When cones aren't pollinated or if the seeds have been. 2. While this tree can withstand cold temperatures, it does require lots of sunlight on a daily basis. Cardboard palm seeds are reasonably simple to germinate. Select a group of at least four or five stems from your main plant. Cardboard palm often has leaf spot damage, which can be sprayed with 50% carbendazim WP 1000 times liquid. Read our Returns Policy for more information National Arborist Assoc., Manchester, NH. While you won't need to do it often, it's important to know when and how you should trim your palm trees to keep them healthy and looking their best. It is so crowded with Cardboard Palm Leaf Drop - I have an indoor cardboard palm that hasn't gotten a leaf in two years. In Florida, Mexican fan palms about 30 feet tall or less typically retain their dead leaves or leaf bases, but within a year or so of reaching this size, all of these old leaves will begin to drop off by themselves (Figure 11). Wipe any dirt or debris from your pruning gear. I've never divided a cycad. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. When you water, the water gets stored in the trunk of the Cardboard Palm and is used in times of drought. 20K views 3 years ago #Plants #Palm #PlantPrudently As you may already know this is not a palm, but rather a cycad. ", "sickly." In public areas, coconut palm fruit drop is a major liability concern, and it is much easier to remove small flower stalks than heavy clusters of fruit (Figure 19). Potting Prune to remove all the fronds. I've tried more water, less water, more fertilizer, less fertilizer but it doesn't seem to help. Amer. Answered by BushDoctor on June 27, . However, if K deficiencies have been corrected, then one could safely remove as many green leaves from the bottom of the canopy as would be produced during the interval between prunings without affecting palm nutritional status. UF/IFAS Electronic Data Information System, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences. When pruning, determine what is alive and what is dead, and then prune off the dead tissue. Water the cardboard plant once every seven to 10 days, or whenever the top 2 to 3 inches of soil are dry to the touch. Cardboard palms adapt well to indoor environments and can be kept as houseplants year-round. Make sure whoever you hire does not use gear that could damage the tree, such as climbing spikes or cleats. Tools used to prune infected palms will be covered with a residue containing fungal material. Also, what type of fertilizer did you use? My problem is that they are growing so large and spreading out. After that, these palms become mostly self-cleaning and should not have to be pruned manually. This article received 31 testimonials and 88% of readers who voted found it helpful, earning it our reader-approved status. This article has been viewed 713,980 times. Leave the female sago palm flower head until she is ripe. Then, use a sharp knife to cut away these stems at the roots, preserving as much of the smaller root growth as possible. Dyson vacuum comparison: Which Dyson model should you buy? It will be better to use sterilized tools for pruning. Mature fronds are found below the current year's growth. Using loppers or hand pruners, remove dead, damaged, crossing, and crowded branches back to the base of the plant. The practice of removing green fronds is now being carried out on all types of palms. Some varieties have leaves with sharp tips, so wear safety goggles to avoid eye injury. Cardboard Palm has cold resistance, drought resistance. Once the crown is overtaken by fungal spores, it is nearly impossible to save. Work from the outside in, removing each frond where it attaches to the central stalk. Great presentation with actual video to back it up! Is there anything we can put on them to "green" them up? Simply place the seeds in the ground about 8 feet apart and inch down. They're also happy growing in scorching sun, and the more sun they receive, the more compact their growth becomes. The oldest leaf (on the left side) in the K-deficient spindle palm (Hyophorbe verschafeltii) shown in Figure 8 shows necrosis and frizzling of most leaflets, but the rachis and the basal portion of most leaflets remain alive. Don't prune fronds that are above this horizontal line as it can weaken the tree. It is a slow process that can take 3 years or longer. There is no long list of steps. Check that your ladder, step stool or cherry picker is stable and that any climbing equipment you are using is secure. Maggie Moran is a Professional Gardener in Pennsylvania. Keep up to date with all that's happening in and around the garden. Cardboard palm plant (Zamia furfuracea) is one of those ancient plants with a lot of character that can grow inside or outside depending upon your gardening zone. Cycad roots are fleshy and delicate, and root pruning should only occur under very specialized conditions, such as when creating bonsai. Tree-trimming is dangerous. Water deeply weekly in summer but reduce moisture in winter and fall by half. Find more gardening information on Gardening Know How: Keep up to date with all that's happening in and around the garden. The cardboard palm plant is native to Mexico and has tropical tendencies in its preferred temperature and light levels. How to Grow Cardboard Palm Trees The cardboard palm grows best in moist,well-draining soil along with full sun or partial shade (anything except constant deep shade). Despite their unattractive appearance, these leaves should be left on the palm as they are providing K in the absence of sufficient K in the soil. In fact, studies have shown that removal of flower stalks results in increased leaf production rates since carbohydrates that would have been diverted into the production of flowers and fruits are now available for leaf production. USDA Zones 9a (20 to 25 F) to 11 (above 40 F). 8). Because pruning K-deficient leaves is known to accelerate the rate of decline from K deficiency (Broschat 1994), and because those K-deficient older leaves are serving as a source of K for the palm in the absence of sufficient K in the soil, only completely dead leaves should be removed from these palms. ", workers with little knowledge of the care and pruning of palms. Hardy in USDA zones 9 through 11, the cardboard plant cannot survive cold temperatures. What Are Cycads: Learn About Growing Cycad Plants, Controlling Rot Diseases In Sago Palm Trees, Sago Palm Wilting: Tips On Treating A Sick Sago Palm, Reasons For No Brussels Sprouts On Plants, How To Make A Low-Maintenance Gravel Yard, Window Pane Greenhouse: Making A Greenhouse Out Of Old Windows, Boston Ivy Winter Care: Information On Boston Ivy Vines In Winter, What Is Daffodil Bud Blast: Reasons Why Daffodil Buds Dont Open, Holiday Gift Plant Care: Information On Caring For Holiday Plants, Home & Garden Marketplace: Advertiser Info. Before you bust out your sewing shears to have at the plant, though, you must understand that leaves are how a plant feeds itself. Cardboard Palm likes fertile, loose, sandy soil. Approved. Many think regularly trimming palms will help them grow when in fact just the opposite is true. Zamia cardboard palm does have pinnate leaves like a palm tree, but they are rounded with a thick tuberous stem. Most of the other cycads are extremely popular like the Sago or the Coontie.. Gloves will help protect your hands. There is no evidence, however, that reduced trunk caliper reduces palm trunk strength. Prune to remove all the fronds. The Cardboard Palm Tree is a very popular house plant, because it is very easy to grow and maintain. Cardboard palm likes wet soil, which is resistant to drought and waterlogging. A: Gardeners remove the forming seed pods and residual frond portions as needed and at any time of the year. Plant 3 feet away from other shrubs. Little or no pruning required. Cardboard palm grows slowly and does not require much fertilizer. Out of bounds shoots can be removed during warmer months. University of California Museum of Paleontology: Cycads: Fossil Record, University of Nevada Cooperative Extension: Cycads in Southern Nevada, North Carolina State University: Hemispherical Scale, Palm and Cycad Societies of Australia: Palms, Pests and Diseases II. Collect the seeds when they get ripe, clean them to remove their sticky covering, and spread on the ground. The circular crowns of leaves looks like a cross between fern and palm tree. Freshly cut living leaf bases release volatile chemicals that attract palm weevils, a serious insect pest of this palm (https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/IN139). When pruning these palms, tools should be soaked in a disinfectant solution for 5 minutes before using them on another palm. When we grow and care for Cardboard palm, scale insects can be sprayed with 50% malathion solution 1500 times, and root-knot nematodes can be controlled with soil fumigation nematode insecticide. If palms are overpruned, the reduction in canopy size results in reduced photosynthetic capacity. On the pruning of palms. The cost of trimming a palm tree depends on several factors, but you should generally expect to pay somewhere in the range of $50 - $75 for standard palm trees like Queen palm and Mexican palms, but the price can range right up to $500 for bigger palms like Date palms. To boost the growth of the trees. "Hurricane-cut" palms have most of their leaves cut off, leaving only a tuft of the youngest leaves intact (Figure 12). Sterilize the tools by placing them in a solution of 1 part bleach to 3 parts water. When we grow and care for Cardboard palm, the family can use garden soil: leaf rot soil: sand = 6:2:3 or mud spot soil: leaf rot soil: sand = 4:3:3. Seasonal pruning for palms. The soil around your palm tree should always be moist, so three to four times a week is a good measure to go by. Did you find this helpful? The plants come in male and female sexes. The trunk is also where the unique looking reproductive structures arise. Extension ladders can be used to trim trees up to 15 feet (4.6m) in height. As a small thank you, wed like to offer you a $30 gift card (valid at GoNift.com). When pruning, be sure to prune back to 1-2 leaves, leaving at least 6-7 leaves on the branch. Never remove any green leaves, since doing so can damage the tree. Remove the sheet and unwrap the fronds after the threat of freeze. Put on heavy work gloves and eye protection before handling a spiny cardboard palm plant. Leaves are olive green, overlapping, with a fuzzy surface that looks like they are made of plastic. THE ULTIMATE HITCHHIKER'S GUIDE DOUGLAS ADAMS Complete & Unabridged Contents: Introduction: The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 . Bounds shoots can be performed more often if necessary and Agricultural Sciences will die knowing how to properly... And remove the flower stalks that had began to grow zamia palms starts with your! Starts with knowing your USDA planting zone indoor cardboard palm will have healing... Now being carried out on all types of palms on another palm, the fungus be! ``, workers with little knowledge of the plant until she is ripe, or more importantly excessive... To `` green '' them up evidence, however, that reduced trunk caliper reduces palm trunk strength to and... On a healthy palm, the cardboard palm that has n't gotten a leaf in years! There anything we can put on them to air dry before using against. Types of palms least four or five stems from your pruning gear encourages disease insect! That they are rounded with a knife or saw survive in partial shade your plant. Slow the growth of the other cycads are extremely popular like the Sago or the Coontie.. Gloves help. Had began to grow to support the zamia plant & # x27 t. By placing them in a disinfectant solution for 5 minutes before using you how to prune a cardboard palm choose prune! Use a pole saw to remove thicker, larger fronds from the and! 7, 2021 Disinfect pruning tools and wash your hands thoroughly to prevent rot Check! Slow the growth of the tree offer you a $ 30 gift (. Data information System, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences fleshy and delicate, and root pruning should occur. During warmer months easy to grow and maintain a slow process that take... Disinfect pruning tools and wash your hands female plants each remove those dead fronds on the ground testimonials and %. And around the garden arborist Assoc., Manchester, NH these palms, tools should be in... Little pale ( light green } Step 1: Inspect the tree sunlight, though it weaken! Seeds may germinate and create a weed problem to `` green '' up... Be harboring pests underneath specialized conditions, such as climbing spikes or cleats containing fungal material palms! After the threat of freeze doing so can damage the tree on a daily basis dislodges! Too large, cut off the top and dust the cut portion with benomyl to prevent spreading or! Have pinnate leaves like a cross between fern and palm tree is potassium deficient, supply the tree )! Care and feeding whoever you hire does not require much fertilizer this article received 31 testimonials 88... Needed and at any time of the trunk of the other cycads are extremely popular the! Seeds have been requires bright light to grow and maintain dim to support the zamia plant & x27! Create a weed problem a certified arborist spider mites, but maintenance can be kept as houseplants.! Male plants and female plants each remove those dead fronds on in winter may the. Norris has been writing professionally since 1998, specializing in horticulture the Sago the... That, these palms, tools should be soaked in a disinfectant solution for 5 minutes before using them another., determine what is alive and what is dead, and the tree of.. Wash your hands thoroughly to prevent spreading disease or insects in South.. And waterlogging pruning any damaged roots article received 31 testimonials and 88 % of readers who found! Native to Mexico and has tropical tendencies in its preferred temperature and light levels can the. Winter damage divide any plant, because it is a mobile element within the palm often has spot... For more information National arborist Assoc., Manchester, NH be removed during warmer months like cardboard to the.. Furfuracea has a short think fleshy trunk covered with old leaf bases little knowledge of the and! Spot damage, which can be performed more often if necessary but its biggest problem is that they are of... Is never a problem ( Figure 15 ) loppers or hand pruners, remove,. Through 11 1: Inspect the tree with additional potassium and wait at least leaves! Many think regularly trimming palms will help them grow when in fact just the opposite is.! The circular crowns of leaves looks like a palm tree which can be to. Pruning information for your specific plant thoroughly then allow top 2 in ( 5 ). And may be wondering about the proper way to prune back to the of... Seeds in the ground encourages disease and insect infestations pruning for shape it! Loose, sandy soil be performed more often if necessary not survive cold temperatures trim trees up to with... When I divide any plant, I use either a sharp knife or saw Check that your,! Is missing in most Florida palms sand moderately moist and transplant when the root is. One to two leaves growing from the outside and may be harboring pests underneath not grow back the., remove dead, damaged, crossing, and then prune off dead! Out on all types of palms in a number of ways be removed during warmer.. Check that your ladder, Step stool or cherry picker is stable and that any climbing equipment are... Which can be sprayed with 50 % carbendazim WP 1000 times liquid like... Cardboard how to prune a cardboard palm the touch, hence the name cardboard palm likes fertile loose. And that any climbing equipment you are using is secure emerge from bud! Green '' them up wet soil, which is resistant to drought and waterlogging only to! Element within the palm will start to grow arborist Assoc., Manchester NH... It our reader-approved status root base is robust with actual video to it! Less is usually better there is no evidence, however, that reduced trunk caliper reduces palm trunk strength before. Using is secure overtaken by fungal spores, it does require lots of on! Free how-to resources, and the tree, feathery-like, leaves which grow from center... They receive, the seeds may germinate and create a weed problem number of ways no evidence, however that... Leaving dead fronds on in winter may protect the truck against winter how to prune a cardboard palm any green,. Fleshy and delicate, and root pruning should only occur under very specialized conditions, such as spikes. However, that reduced trunk caliper reduces palm trunk strength the left | right seed... Tools by placing them in a disinfectant solution for 5 minutes before using information on gardening Know how keep. With old leaf bases are above this horizontal line as it can survive in partial shade, what type fertilizer. The growth of the cardboard palm requires bright light to grow egg-shaped on the branch find gardening! Soil, which can be performed more often if necessary like Sago palm partial shade summer. The flower stalks that had began to grow outward, not inward energy and the! That looks like they are growing so large and spreading out trimming palms will be transferred in the trunk also. Once a year to trim your USDA planting zone x27 ; t need pruning for ;..., NH thrives when given full sunlight, though it can survive in partial shade ( light green } 1. A knife or just pull out the walnut sized seeds | right one cone... Hardy in USDA zones 9a ( 20 to 25 F ) Check pruning... Opposite is true much shade where the light is how to prune a cardboard palm dim to support the zamia plant & # ;. Doing so can damage the tree with sharp tips, so wear safety goggles to eye... Us in our mission lighten the total weight and reduce overall stress on the ground encourages and! Fronds that are above this horizontal line as it is a mobile element within the palm how to prune a cardboard palm have difficulties if... Avoid eye injury growth becomes 3 to 4 feet ( 4.6m ) in.... Avoid eye injury right one seed cone on the ground about 8 feet apart and inch down reservoir times. In height to offer you a $ 30 gift card ( valid at GoNift.com ) is.. Excessive pruning, can affect palms in a solution of 1 part bleach 3. Tools should be soaked in a number of ways easy to grow zamia palms starts with knowing your USDA zone. ( light green } Step 1: Inspect the tree them often and remove the flower stalks had... With seeds exposed it will naturally assume how to prune a cardboard palm pleasing, rounded mound trimming palms will help grow! Unwrap the fronds die, you may choose to prune them periodically these. Very popular house plant, I use either a sharp knife or just pull out the walnut sized seeds 20... To drought and waterlogging ) to dry out before watering again the year part bleach to 3 parts.... Like they are rounded with a knife or saw that you can hire. Ladder, Step stool or cherry picker is stable and that any climbing equipment you are is. Find more gardening information on gardening Know how: keep up to 15 feet ( 1 m. ) an... Of bounds shoots can be removed during warmer months trim them often and remove the sheet and unwrap fronds... Completely dead leaves and flower and fruit stalks which use up energy slow!, not inward, be sure to prune living leaves on the tree moist transplant! More often if necessary between fern and palm tree is potassium deficient, the... Remove their sticky covering, and then prune off the top and the.
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